chapter 1: Introduction of Indian Polity

In short, a nation's book rule is a Constitution that codifies the rule of law. 

• A constitution is a legal document of special legal sanctity that establishes the structure and primary roles of a state's organs of government and declares the principles regulating their activity. 

• The Indian Constitution, as any other Constitution, seeks to create the fundamental organs of government and administration, lays out their structure, composition, powers, and principal functions, defines the inter-relationship of one organ with another, and regulates the citizen-state relationship, especially the political relationship. Via written constitutions, states have reasserted those legal concepts.

The Indian Constitution, as a democratic document, represents fundamental political principles both substantively, by guaranteeing citizens' Fundamental Rights, and procedurally, by providing remedies. 

• It reflects fundamental principles about who should govern and in what direction.
• The structure of a person, organism, or organization, or what it is made up of, is referred to as its constitution. 
• Since India is one of the world's largest countries, with a diverse population and culture, it requires an explicitly written code of governance, particularly when citizens opt for different institutions, estates, processes, and levels of sovereignty. 
  
  
  
• As a result, we have the world's longest written constitution, which is one of the most significant aspects of a democratic federation.

The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of the nation. It is a living document; an instrument that allows the government system to function. 

• It establishes the basis for government and governance. The Indian Constitution was drafted by members of the Indian people after a lengthy process of debate and discussion. 
• It is the world's most comprehensive constitution. The Indian Constitution is the only one that has gone into such minute detail. 
• The Constitution establishes India as an independent, socialist, secular, democratic republic with a parliamentary government. 
• The republic is governed by the constitution, which came into effect on January 26, 1950.